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The Boston Tea Party wasn’t actually a party, despite it’s name. The Boston Tea Party 5) Complete the paragraph using the words, phrases or idioms given. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! In Boston, however, Lieutenant Governor Hutchinson, still smarting from the destruction of his home in the Stamp Act riots, flatly ordered the three tea ships in his harbor unloaded. The Boston Tea Party. The confusion is partly timing and partly semantics. But were they really trying to pass themselves off as local Mohawk or Narragansett tribesmen? Many protests like the Montana Tea Party in 1976 and the T.E.A. In 1774, the UK passed what are known as the Intolerable Acts or the Coercive Acts, a series of punitive measures meant to teach the rebellious colonists who was boss. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. A longtime contributor to HowStuffWorks, Dave has also been published in The New York Times, the Los Angeles Times and Newsweek. © 2021 A&E Television Networks, LLC. The Boston Tea Party was an act of protest against the Tea Act of 1773, which had been recently passed by the British Government. The 'Boston Tea Party' has become a … We won’t be defeated,’” says Carp. The Best Cafe in Stratford-Upon-Avon – it’s official! It sent a message to the British government that the colonists were fed up with unfair treatment—and it lit the fuse that ignited the American Revolution. No one called it the ‘Boston Tea Party.’, The Boston Tea Party occurred in 1773, but the very first time that the words “Boston Tea Party” appeared in print was in 1825, and in most of those early mentions, the word “party” didn’t refer to a celebratory event with cakes and balloons, but to a party of men. They drank beverages made from smuggled Dutch tea and even some made from taxed British tea. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Boston-Tea-Party, Social Studies for Kids - The Boston Tea Party, Boston Tea Party - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Boston Tea Party - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). However, Hancock later faced several hundred more accusations. It may not have strictly been a party nor was it all about tea, but it certainly did take place in Boston. The attacked ships were American and the tea wasn’t the King’s. Located on the same body of water where the Boston tea Party occurred over two centuries ago. 1881. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The implication and impact of the Boston Tea Party was enormous ultimately leading to the sparking of the American Revolution which began in Massachusetts on April 19, 1775. At the Secondly, the Sons of Liberty were cashing in on the image of the Native American as an independent spirit, the epitome of anti-colonialism. We are a West country born & family owned independent small café chain serving simply & well prepared food & drinks made with great ingredients, skill and love. “By adopting that identity, they’re saying, ‘We are defiant. The perception of monopoly drove the normally conservative colonial merchants into an alliance with radicals led by Samuel Adams and his Sons of Liberty. For starters, it was customary in 18th-century England for protestors to “crossdress” in one way or another—blackening their faces, dressing as women, or even Catholic priests—to create an atmosphere of misrule. The East India didn’t install its first tea plantations in India until the 1830s. The Boston Tea Party, opened on Friday January 20, 1967 in an abandoned temple at 53 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts. The significance of the Boston Tea Party is described in this narrative nonfiction piece of story-telling that will appeal to a wide variety of readers. Most Americans can tell you that the first unofficial “declaration of independence” happened in Boston, when a band of tax-hating renegades dumped King George’s beloved tea into the harbor, a spirited act of defiance that united the colonies in revolution. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The company thus could sell the tea at a less-than-usual price in either America or Britain; it could undersell anyone else. Hancock or… The colonists resented a tax imposed from Britain and rebellion brewed up, leading to the incident on December 16, 1773, known as the Boston Tea Party. Voted in the top 25 places for brunch by The Times. Not likely, says Carp. 4. We are unbowed. Straightforward text and primary source quotes from townspeople and participants offer details that make the rebellious act come alive. Boston’s Sons of Liberty were absolutely responding to the British Parliament’s passage of the Tea Act of 1773 when they planned the Boston Tea Party. After Boston, there were other ‘tea parties.’. The Boston Tea Party was an organized political protest that took place in Boston during the American Revolution. The Tea Act allowed the East India Company to unload 544,000 pounds of old tea, commission-free, on the American Colonies at a bargain price. An American colonist reads with concern the royal proclamation of a tax on tea in the colonies as a British soldier stands nearby with rifle and bayonet, Boston, 1767. The Boston Tea Party is a very significant event in American history and was the spark to the American Revolution. “Destruction of the tea” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. Broadside that encouraged the Boston Tea Party, 1773. After delivering valuable shipments of sperm whale oil and brain matter to London in 1773, the ships were loaded with tea en route to the American Colonies. Second, the tea destroyed by the night raiders was not the King’s. As uncomfortable as some colonists might have been with the Tea Party action itself, they were way more uncomfortable with the authoritarian reaction by Parliament.”. Although taxes stoked colonist anger, the Tea Act itself didn’t raise the price of tea in the colonies by one red cent (or shilling, as it were). A Summary View of the Rights of British America. 2. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. The Tea Party, itself, didn’t incite revolution. During the Philadelphia Tea Party, which took place just nine days after Boston’s, no tea was destroyed, but the captain of a ship carrying the largest delivery of East India Company tea was threatened with being tarred and feathered if he didn’t return the “wretched weed” to England. Benjamin Carp, a history professor at Brooklyn College and author of Defiance of the Patriots: The Boston Tea Party and the Making of America, says that the Tea Act of 1773 was onerous in a different way. Breakfast all day, lunch and dinner. 6. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Here’s more about this famous incident… An act of protest that was undertaken by the American colonists against Great Britain, in which the American colonists destroyed many crates of tea bricks which were on the ships at the Boston harbor, is known in history as The Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea Party was a raid that took place in the Boston Harbor in 1773, during which American colonists dumped shiploads of tea into the water to protest a British tax on tea. The truth is that tea imports to the American Colonies had been taxed by the Crown since the passing of the 1767 Townshend Revenue Act, along with taxes on other commodities like paper, paint, oil and glass. Yes, Tea Party protestors dressed as ‘indians,’ but not convincingly. According to the Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum, Thomas Jefferson and George Washington were fans of a particular Chinese green tea variety called “hyson.”. The Boston Tea Party was put into motion to resist British oppression and to rally against taxation without proper representation. However, it should have been apparent in…, Boston was not the only port to threaten to reject the casks of taxed tea, but its reply was the most dramatic—and provocative.…. However, the 1773 Boston Tea Party remains the most known to this day. This was the infamous Boston Tea Party, a protest against tea duties in December 1773 that sparked off the American War of Independence and so eventually led to the United States of America becoming an independent nation instead of a group of British colonies. It's all ethically sourced, affordable & feel-good - made from scratch onsite everyday. Meet the Sons and Daughters of Liberty and learn about the Boston Tea Party of 1773! tit for tat infuriated destroyed colonists height deprived refused unreasonable imposed The Boston Tea Party was a protest by the American Great Britain's taxation policies which they thought were This was because Great Britain lands were ruled. The Boston Tea Party was a protest by American colonists (These people were known as patriots) against King George III's rule in America.It happened on December 16, 1773. In Boston, however, the royal governor Thomas Hutchinson determined to uphold the law and maintained that three arriving ships, the Dartmouth, Eleanor, and Beaver, should be allowed to deposit their cargoes and that appropriate duties should be honoured. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. One of the protesters was John Hancock. SURPLUS STOCK, TAXATION AND … While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The Boston Tea Party was the most famous among all tea parties. This is another naming problem. The Boston Tea Party took place on the night of December 16, 1773, a few years before the start of the American Revolution in 1775. Cheaper tea sounds good, says Carp, but for the Sons of Liberty—many of whom were merchants and even tea smugglers—the Tea Act smelled like a ploy to get the masses comfortable with paying a tax to the Crown. The introduction in 1773 of the Tea Act by the British Government into its American colonies was designed to give the East India company (EIC) a monopoly over the tea market. The Boston Tea Party took place on the night of December 16, 1773, a few years before the start of the American Revolution in 1775. But as with most well-trod origin stories, the true history of the Boston Tea Party is far more complicated than the grammar-school version, and the real facts of what happened on that fateful night in 1773 might surprise you. It was essentially a British government bailout of the British East India Company, which was hemorrhaging money and weighed down with unsold tea. In fact, it was a political protest … According to a 2012 book by Joseph Cummins, there were at least 10 “tea parties” up and down the Eastern seaboard that were inspired by the original and most famous. In retaliation, Parliament passed the series of punitive measures known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts, including the Boston Port Bill, which shut off the city’s sea trade pending payment for the destroyed tea. Although not British, some of the ship’s American owners were indeed Tory sympathizers. Lexington and Concord. Two years later (July 12, 1969) the club moved to an old warehouse on 15 Landsdowne Street (originally a club called The Ark, which closed a few days earlier. The popular notion of the Boston Tea Party is that angry colonists “stuck it to King George” by boarding British ships and dumping crate loads of the King’s precious tea into the Boston Harbor. It’s the slippery slope argument.”. On the night of December 16, 1773, a group of about 60 men, encouraged by a large crowd of Bostonians, donned blankets and Indian headdresses, marched to Griffin’s wharf, boarded the ships, and dumped the tea chests, valued at £18,000, into the water. Omissions? It was an act of protest in which a group of 60 American colonists threw 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor to agitate against both a tax on tea (which had been an example of taxation without representation) and the perceived monopoly of the East India Company . The Tea Party in Boston was not the only “tea party” in history. The tea was Chinese, not Indian, and lots of it was green. In 1773 Parliament passed a Tea Act designed to aid the financially troubled East India Company by granting it (1) a monopoly on all tea exported to the colonies, (2) an exemption on the export tax, and (3) a “drawback” (refund) on duties owed on certain surplus quantities of tea in its possession. The tea sent to the colonies was to be carried only in East India Company ships and sold only through its own agents, bypassing the independent colonial shippers and merchants. The Stamp Act of 1765 and the Townshend Acts of 1767 angered colonists regarding British decisions on taxing the colonies with no representation in the Westminster Parliament ("no taxation without representation"). Two of the ships were primarily whaling vessels. The measures became the justification for convening the First Continental Congress later in 1774. He was defended by John Adamsand the charges were eventually dropped. 3. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. There’s this idea that the Boston Tea Party was the … The passage of the Tea Act (1773) by the British Parliament gave the East India Company exclusive rights to transport tea to the colonies and empowered it to undercut all of its competitors. Boston Tea Party, (December 16, 1773), incident in which 342 chests of tea belonging to the British East India Company were thrown from ships into Boston Harbor by American patriots disguised as Mohawk Indians. Even if they knew that no one would believe they were actual Native Americans, the disguise sent a clear message to anyone who would dare to snitch: don’t you dare! Corrections? And with a name like the Tea Act, it’s fair to think that the law was all about raising taxes on tea. The Americans were protesting both a tax on tea (taxation without representation) and the perceived monopoly of the East India Company. The Tea Party, itself, didn’t incite revolution. “You’re going to seduce Americans into being ‘obedient colonists’ by making the price lower,” says Carp. — Before the Revolutionary War, American colonists were taxed heavily for importing tea from Britain.The colonists, not fans of "taxation without representation", reacted by dumping tea into the Boston Harbor, a night now known as the Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea Party was an act of rebellion from which the strained relationship between Britain and the colonies would never recover. The value of the 340 chests of squandered tea would total nearly $2 million in today’s money. When several attempts to tax the American colonies fail, Britain attempts a compromise by taxing tea. In response to the Coercive Acts, the First Continental Congress met in 1774 and Jefferson wrote “A Summary View of the Rights of British America.” Revolution was officially in the air. In Charleston, South Carolina, a ship arrived in November 1774 carrying tea, but the captain swore that he was unaware of the controversial cargo. Easily the biggest surprise about the Boston Tea Party is that the uprising wasn’t a protest against a new tax hike on tea. In 1773 a group of American revolutionaries threw tea into Boston Harbour to protest against rising British Taxes. First, the ships that were boarded by the Sons of Liberty, the Beaver, the Dartmouth and the Eleanor, were built and owned by Americans. Dave Roos is a freelance writer based in the United States and Mexico. They were committing a crime! The leaders of other major cities in the colonies cancelled their orders in protest, but the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony allowed tea to arrive in Boston. In response, several colonists stormed the tea ships and tossed the cargo overboard. It was an act of protest in which a group of 60 American colonists threw 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor to agitate against both a tax on tea (which had been an example of taxation without representation) and the perceived monopoly of the East India Company. Discover what led American colonists in 1773 CE to toss tea into the Boston Harbor in what became known as the Boston Tea Party. After Parliament passed the Tea Act, American colonists reacted with a tea party of their own. 7. The captains of the three ships were summoned to the privy council, but were unable to identify any of the people involved with the Boston Tea Party. In 1768, his ship Liberty was seized by customs officials and he was charged with smuggling. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Boston Tea Party was the first significant act of defiance by American colonists. Which he did. The Boston Tea Party had the Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians. There’s some question if the social known as a “tea party” even existed in the 1770s. For starters, the colonists weren't protesting higher tax on tea. There’s this idea that the Boston Tea Party was the rallying cry that galvanized the colonies for revolution, but Carp says that many strong opponents of British rule, George Washington among them, denounced acts of lawless and violence, especially against private property. An 1829 obituary of Nicholas Campbell notes that he was “one of the ever-memorable Boston Tea Party.”, Soon after the rebellious act was committed, Carp says, it was simply referred to as “the destruction of tea in Boston Harbor, or something similarly cumbersome.”. The British practice of high tea didn’t take hold until the Victorian Era in the mid-19th century, and Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, with its famous “Mad Hatter’s Tea Party,” wasn’t published until 1865. Another surprising tidbit is that 22 percent of the tea that the patriots sent to the bottom of Boston Harbor was green tea. The Boston Tea Party (1773) in Boston Harbor, as depicted in a Currier & Ives lithograph. “If we accept the principal of allowing parliament to tax us, they’ll eventually make the taxes heavier on us. Explore our open air deck and full-scale replica 18th century sailing vessels, as well as the other cargoes that accompanied the fated tea to America. Much of the tea that angry colonists dumped into the Boston Harbor was green tea. The Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea Party was an act of protest against the British for the Tea Act, one of several new attempts to tax colonists. But that story’s not true on two accounts. Angry residents blamed local merchants who had ordered the tea and forced them to dump it in the harbor themselves. The Boston Tea Party pushed Britain’s Parliament to assert its authority—and it passed the Intolerable Acts in 1774. The East India Company exported a lot of goods from India in the 18th century, including spices and cotton, but it obtained almost all of its tea from China. Colonists weren’t protesting a higher tax on tea. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Boston Tea Party Group Limited Say I love you, say see you soon, say I wish you were here, say Happy Birthday, say cheers. While the Tea Party itself didn’t mobilize Americans en masse, it was Parliament’s reaction to it that did. The Boston Tea Party is an important event in United States history as it marked the first show of violence by the colonists and cast the first cries for independence in the Boston area. Trading ships traveled from Canton to London loaded down with Chinese tea, which was then exported to British colonies the world over. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). England had already repealed many of the import taxes on the colonists, but it retained the tea tax to let the colonists know they were still subject to British rule. Party or Taxpayers’ Economic Association Party in 1953 also occurred. This is the currently selected item. 5. The Second Continental Congress. These punitive measures included closing Boston’s harbour until restitution was made for the tea, reducing the Massachusetts Bay Colony to a crown colony with appointed, rather than elected, officials, and allowing the quartering of troops in vacant buildings across British North America. The Townshend tax on tea was an irritation, but most of the colonists preferred not to quarrel about it. Of course there were important causes that led up to this event including the Townshend Act, the Boston Massacre, Taxation without Representation and economy. All Rights Reserved. The Intolerable Acts and the First Continental Congress. These historic recordings capture the group, led by drummer Jon Hiseman, performing at the Boston Tea Party, one of the most important rock venues on the East Coast. The tea tax imposed by Britain on the American Many of these sanctions were levied on the Massachusetts Colony and Boston itself, including the closing of Boston Harbor, replacing Boston’s elected leaders with those appointed by the Crown, and forcing the quartering of British troops in private homes. For the past two years, we have been voted the best cafe in Stratford by the Stratford-upon-Avon awards. The difference is that all of those other import taxes were lifted in 1770, except for tea, a pointed reminder of the King’s control over his far-off subjects. And third, there was the practical reason for masking their identities. The Sons of Liberty famous masqueraded in Native American dress on the night of the Tea Party raid, complete with tomahawks and faces darkened with coal soot. The British government’s efforts to single out Massachusetts for punishment served only to unite the colonies and impel the drift toward war. 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